Dermatologist: what they treat and when to see one
A dermatologist specializes in the skin, hair, and nails. Because skin problems are visible, they are among the easiest symptoms to route correctly: if the problem is on the surface of your body and it is not an injury, a dermatologist is usually the right call.
What a dermatologist treats
- Rashes, hives, and unexplained skin irritation
- Acne, rosacea, and persistent breakouts
- Eczema, psoriasis, and dry scaly patches
- Moles, skin cancer screening, and suspicious spots
- Hair loss and scalp conditions
- Nail changes, discoloration, and fungal infections
- Chronic itching without an obvious cause
When to see a dermatologist
- A rash lasts more than two weeks or keeps returning
- A mole changes in size, shape, or color, or begins to bleed
- Acne has not improved with over-the-counter products
- Itching disrupts your sleep or daily life
- You are losing hair faster than normal
When to seek urgent or emergency care instead
Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience any of the following. Do not wait for an appointment.
- A rash spreading rapidly with fever
- Blistering or peeling skin over a large area
- Swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat with hives
Do you need a referral?
Many insurance plans require a referral from a primary care physician before they will cover a specialist visit. Our referral checker shows how each plan type usually works. If you are unsure, start with your primary care physician. They can evaluate the problem, treat it directly if appropriate, and refer you if not.
Related symptom guides
Related specialties
Prepare for your appointment
Appointments are short. Our appointment prep sheet builder puts your symptoms and the right questions on one printable page you can take with you.
Sources
- MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine (medlineplus.gov)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov)
- Relevant national medical specialty association guidance
This is not medical advice. This guide explains what a specialty treats so you can pick the right type of doctor. It does not diagnose conditions. In an emergency, call 911. Read our full medical disclaimer.