OB-GYN: what they treat and when to see one
An obstetrician-gynecologist (OB-GYN) covers two related areas: obstetrics, which is pregnancy and childbirth, and gynecology, which is the female reproductive system. Many women use their OB-GYN as a primary point of contact for reproductive health.
What a OB-GYN treats
- Irregular, heavy, or painful periods
- Pelvic pain
- Menopause and perimenopause symptoms
- Pregnancy care and pregnancy-related concerns
- Contraception and family planning
- Unusual vaginal discharge or infections
- Cervical cancer screening, fibroids, endometriosis, and PCOS
When to see a OB-GYN
- Your cycle changes noticeably or becomes unpredictable
- You have pelvic pain that is not clearly menstrual
- You are pregnant or planning to become pregnant
- You are experiencing menopause symptoms that disrupt daily life
- You are due for a Pap test or well-woman exam
When to seek urgent or emergency care instead
Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience any of the following. Do not wait for an appointment.
- Severe pelvic pain with fever
- Heavy bleeding that soaks a pad every hour
- Bleeding or severe pain during pregnancy
- Fainting with pelvic pain
Do you need a referral?
Many insurance plans require a referral from a primary care physician before they will cover a specialist visit. Our referral checker shows how each plan type usually works. If you are unsure, start with your primary care physician. They can evaluate the problem, treat it directly if appropriate, and refer you if not.
Related symptom guides
Related specialties
Prepare for your appointment
Appointments are short. Our appointment prep sheet builder puts your symptoms and the right questions on one printable page you can take with you.
Sources
- MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine (medlineplus.gov)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov)
- Relevant national medical specialty association guidance
This is not medical advice. This guide explains what a specialty treats so you can pick the right type of doctor. It does not diagnose conditions. In an emergency, call 911. Read our full medical disclaimer.