Pulmonologist: what they treat and when to see one
A pulmonologist specializes in the lungs and respiratory system. They manage chronic breathing conditions and investigate coughs and breathlessness that do not resolve.
What a pulmonologist treats
- Chronic cough lasting more than eight weeks
- Wheezing and asthma
- COPD and emphysema
- Recurring bronchitis and pneumonia
- Shortness of breath without a cardiac cause
- Sleep apnea and sleep-related breathing disorders
- Occupational and environmental lung exposure
When to see a pulmonologist
- A cough has lasted more than eight weeks
- Your asthma requires a rescue inhaler frequently
- You get bronchitis or pneumonia repeatedly
- You become breathless with mild activity
- You have a long smoking history and new respiratory symptoms
When to seek urgent or emergency care instead
Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience any of the following. Do not wait for an appointment.
- Severe difficulty breathing or gasping for air
- Blue-tinged lips or fingertips
- Coughing up blood
- Chest pain with shortness of breath
Do you need a referral?
Many insurance plans require a referral from a primary care physician before they will cover a specialist visit. Our referral checker shows how each plan type usually works. If you are unsure, start with your primary care physician. They can evaluate the problem, treat it directly if appropriate, and refer you if not.
Related symptom guides
Related specialties
Prepare for your appointment
Appointments are short. Our appointment prep sheet builder puts your symptoms and the right questions on one printable page you can take with you.
Sources
- MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine (medlineplus.gov)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov)
- Relevant national medical specialty association guidance
This is not medical advice. This guide explains what a specialty treats so you can pick the right type of doctor. It does not diagnose conditions. In an emergency, call 911. Read our full medical disclaimer.